蛹虫草菌丝体水溶性黄色素组分分析及其稳定性研究

本研究以蛹虫草菌丝体为供试材料,采用高效液相色谱对提取的蛹虫草菌丝体水溶性黄色素的组分进行了分离纯化与测定分析,并以其主要组分YP-4为检测指标,采用温度、光照、pH、金属离子、常见食品添加剂等条件对蛹虫草菌丝体水溶性黄色素稳定性的影响进行了较为系统的研究。结果表明,蛹虫草菌丝体水溶性黄色素由5种结构相似的类胡萝卜素组分组成。其中,主要组分YP-4占到WSYPs总量的57.43%,YP-4的MS data M-H]为521.2657,紫外特征吸收峰为：209nm、239nm、421nm、445nm、474nm,在445nm处有最大吸收峰。以YP-4为检测指标,对提取蛹虫草菌丝体黄色素的稳定性测试结果表明,该类黄色素具有良好的加工稳定性,但在加工过程中应尽量缩减紫外光照射时间,注意酸性添加剂和Fe ³⁺的用量。这一研究结果将为蛹虫草菌丝体水溶性黄色素乃至其他优质天然黄色素的开发利用提供参考依据。

Analyses on the composition and stability of the water-soluble yellow pigments extracted from Cordyceps militaris mycelia

The water-soluble yellow pigments (WSYPs) extracted from Cordyceps militaris mycelia were separated, purified and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The influence of temperature, light, pH, metal ions and other common food additives on the stability of WSYPs were further investigated by using yellow pigment 4 (YP-4), the main component of WSYPs, as the detection index. The result showed that the WSYPs were mainly composed of five carotenoids with similar structure and solubility in deionized water. The component YP-4 with MS data M-H] of 521.2657 accounted for 57.43% of total WSYPs. UV characteristic absorption peaks of YP-4 were 209nm, 239nm, 421nm, 445nm and 474nm, and the maximum absorption peak was found at 445nm. Stability tests revealed that the yellow pigments had good processing stability. In the process of WSYPs, the ultraviolet irradiation duration should be reduced as far as possible, and the quantity of acid additives and Fe ³⁺ should be appropriately controlled.