香菇蛛网病病原菌树状枝葡霉生物学特性

香菇是我国产量最高的食用菌之一,因其独特浓郁的风味而广受赞誉。然而随着香菇栽培面积的不断扩大,其各种病害的发生也日趋频繁。近期在浙江省庆元县多个菇棚内发现一种新病害。为了明确致病菌,本研究通过对罹病香菇子实体进行组织分离和单孢分离获得纯化菌株QS02,随后结合形态学特征和分子生物学技术对其进行鉴定,并通过柯赫氏法则的验证,确定该病原菌为树状枝葡霉Cladobotryum dendroides。同时,本文还对该病原菌展开了生物学特性研究,结果表明:病原菌菌丝生长最适培养基为PDA培养基,最适温度为25℃,最适碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为牛肉膏,最适pH区间为5–6;光照对该菌菌丝生长有一定的抑制作用。这是由树状枝葡霉引起的香菇蛛网病在国内的首次报道。

Biological characteristics of Cladobotryum dendroides,a causal pathogen of Lentinula edodes cobweb disease

A new fungal disease was found in several Lentinula edodes mushroom growing sheds in Qingyuan, Zhejiang Province. Observation of morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis using rDNA sequences of ITS and partial 28S rDNA, and confirmation of pathogenicity using Koch’s postulates revealed that the causal agent of the cobweb disease was Cladobotryum dendroides. Biological characterization showed that the optimum growth condition for the pathogen was growing temperature of 25°C, pH value of 5-6 and culture medium using soluble starch as carbon source and beef extract as nitrogen source. PDA was also suitable medium for growth. Light showed certain inhibitory effect on pathogen growth. This is the first report of the pathogen responsible for cobweb disease on Lentinula edodes in China.