迷宫栓孔菌生物学特性、驯化栽培及抗氧化活性

迷宫栓孔菌在药用上具有降血糖的功效,分布广泛,对采自吉林省白山市露水河镇红松王景区的迷宫栓孔菌Trametes gibbosa进行组织分离,得到菌株ZT-055,对其菌丝体最适培养条件和子实体驯化栽培进行研究,并测定栽培子实体的多糖抗氧化活性。在单因素试验基础上的正交试验结果表明：迷宫栓孔菌最适生长条件是碳源为果糖、氮源为酵母浸粉、温度为30℃、pH值为5.0;栽培试验中,通过17d的发菌,于30d左右开始形成原基,44d原基分化成菇蕾,57d左右形成成熟子实体;采用水提醇沉法提取多糖,苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量,结果表明迷宫栓孔菌ZT-055子实体多糖含量约为(80.51±5.1)mg/g,在多糖浓度为1.26mg/mL条件下,羟自由基清除率达到45%,超氧氢离子清除率达到48%,表明该菌具有较高的抗氧化活性。

Biological characteristics,domestication cultivation and antioxidant activity of Trametes gibbosa

Trametes gibbosa is a widely distributed medicinal mushroom with reducing blood sugar effect. The optimum culture conditions and domestic cultivation of Trametes gibbosa were studied. The experimental strain ZT-055 was obtained from Red Pine King Park, Lushuihe Town of Baishan City in Jilin Province. Orthogonal experiments revealed that using fructose as carbon source and yeast extract powder as nitrogen source, the mycelia grew well at pH 5.0 and incubation temperature of 30°C. After cultivation for 17 days, the mycelia fully colonized 650g substrate. Primordium began to form in 30 days. In 44 days, the primordium differentiated to form young fruiting body which matured in 57 days. The polysaccharide of T. gibbosa ZT-055 fruiting body was extracted by hot water and ethanol precipitation method, and the quantity was determined using phenol sulfuric acid method. The polysaccharide content was about (80.51±5.1)mg/g. The hydroxyl radical (-OH) scavenging rate reached 45%, and superoxide anion radical (O₂ ^-) scavenging rate reached 48% under polysaccharide concentration of 1.26mg/mL. This indicates that fruiting body of T. gibbosa has high antioxidant activity and is medicinally applicable.