毛木耳子实体蛛网病的病害特征及致病菌Cladobotryum cubitense的生理特性和防控策略

从2010年起,在江苏省丰县毛木耳Auricularia cornea 产区观察到蛛网病症状,该病害的发生呈逐年上升趋势,对毛木耳产量和产业造成了严重的损失。经过2015-2016年两年的调查研究,分析毛木耳蛛网病的发病规律。致病菌分别与毛木耳菌丝体和子实体的互作研究表明,该病原真菌仅危害毛木耳子实体,使毛木耳子实体的子实层出现裂缝,进而引起子实体畸形甚至停止生长。该病原本被鉴定为Cladobotryum cubitense。经37℃高温处理7d可抑制其菌丝的生长,50%咪鲜胺锰盐也能够抑制C. cubitense菌丝的生长,为减轻或控制毛木耳蛛网病的发生和传播提供了可行性策略。

Characteristics of cob-web disease in fruiting bodies of Auricularia cornea and physiological feature and control strategy of the pathogenic fungus Cladobotryum cubitense

From 2010, the symptom of cob-web disease was found in Auricularia cornea cultivation area in Fengxian, Jiangsu Province. The ocurrence of this disease exhibited an increasing trend year by year, causing a heavy loss in A. cornea production. According to the two year survey from 2015 to 2016, the epidemical law of cob-web in A. cornea was analyzed. It was demonstrated that the pathogen only infected fruiting bodies, leading cracked fruiting bodies to deform and cease from growth. The pathogen was identified as Cladobotrum cubitense. The high temperature treatment at 37°C for 7d caused suspension of mycelial growth. 50% prochloraz-manganese chloride complex could also inhibit the growth of the pathogen. These results provide useful data in controlling the ocurrence and spread of cob-web disease of A. cornea.