人脐带间充质干细胞对脊柱骨折大鼠愈合及神经功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨人脐带间充质干细胞(Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells，hUC-MSCs)对脊柱骨折大鼠愈合及神经功能的影响。方法：脊柱骨折Sprague-Dawley雄性大鼠模型30只随机分为hUC-MSCs组与对照组，各15只。hUC-MSCs组大鼠在骨折部位移植0.5 mL的hUC-MSCs(细胞浓度为2×10⁶/mL)，对照组大鼠移植同体积的生理盐水，记录大鼠愈合及神经功能变化情况。结果：两组造模后15 min、30 min、90 min的平均动脉压都波动明显，不过组间对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与造模后2 w对比，两组造模后4 w的神经功能BBB评分均升高，且hUC-MSCs组造模后2 w、4 w的神经功能BBB评分都高于对照组(P<0.05)。hUC-MSCs组造模后8 w的骨体积分数高于对照组(P<0.05)。hUC-MSCs组骨折部位附近有少量骨痂生长，骨折线逐渐消失；骨痂已明显包裹骨折部位。hUC-MSCs组造模后8 w的脊髓细胞凋亡指数低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：hUC-MSCs在脊柱骨折大鼠的应用能促进骨折愈合与改善神经功能，也可以抑制脊髓细胞凋亡，从而发挥很好的治疗作用。

Effects of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Healing and Nerve Function of Spinal Fracture Rats

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on spinal fracture healing and nerve function in rats. Methods: 30 cases of Sprague-Dawley male rat models of spinal fracture were randomly divided into hUC-MSCs group and control group with 15 rats in each groups. Rats in the hUC-MSCs group were transplanted with 0.5 mL of hUC-MSCs(cell concentration of 2×10⁶/mL) at the fracture site, and the rats in the control group were transplanted with the same volume of saline. The healing and nerve function changes of the rats were recorded. Results: The mean arterial pressures of the two groups were fluctuated significantly at 15min, 30min, and 90min after modeling, but the difference compared between the groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with 2 weeks after modeling, the neurological function BBB scores of the two groups increased 4 weeks after modeling, and the neurological function BBB scores of the hUC-MSCs group were higher than those of the control group 2 and 4 weeks after modeling(P<0.05). The bone volume fraction of hUC-MSCs group 8 weeks after modeling were higher than that of control group(P<0.05). In the hUC-MSCs group, there were small amount of callus growing near the fracture site, and the fracture line gradually disappeared; the callus were obviously wrapped the fracture site. The apoptosis index of spinal cord cells in the hUC-MSCs group were lower than that in the control group at 8 weeks after modeling(P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of hUC-MSCs in rats with spinal fractures can promote fracture healing and improve nerve function, as well as inhibit spinal cord cell apoptosis, thereby exert good therapeutic effect.