某起新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情的流行病学分析

目的:通过分析一起新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)聚集性疫情病例的流行病学特征,为疫情防控提供科学参考依据。方法:以新型冠状病毒肺炎防控技术方案的相关内容为依据,对一起聚集性疫情病例发病、就诊、接触方式及代际传播等进行描述性流行病学分析。结果:该起聚集性疫情涉及6例确诊病例,波及人数为98人,感染率为5.10%(5/98),其中男性3例、女性3例,年龄25~72岁,临床表现为发热4例、乏力2例、干咳2例、咳痰1例、呼吸困难1例、呕吐1例、腹泻1例、肌肉酸痛1例,临床表现严重程度分为普通型5例,重型1例,从发病到诊断平均时间间隔5.3 d,从诊断到报告平均时间间隔1.2 h,本起疫情暴露场所为家庭,以近距离飞沫或密切接触为接触方式传播的,潜伏期中位数7 d(6 d~12 d)。指示病例为男性、51岁,二代病例共4例,三代病例1例。结论:本起聚集性疫情以家庭为暴露场所,且以近距离飞沫或密切接触为接触方式传播,通过加强疫情预警、监测,对病例早发现、早报告、早隔离、早治疗以及对其密切接触者的严格筛查和管理,达到有效防控疫情发生、发展及防止蔓延。

Epidemiological Analysis of a Clustering Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics about a clustering outbreak of new coronavirus pneumonia, and provide the scientific references for control and prevention. Methods: Based on the relevent contents of the new coronavirus pneumonia prevention and control technology scheme, we described epidemiological analysis of the incidence, visits, contact patterns and intergenerational transmission of aggregated cases. Results: There are 6 confirmed cases in the outbreak and 98 persons involved. The rate of infection is 5.10% (5/98), 3 male and 3 female, age 25 to 72. Their clinical symptoms included 3 fever, 3 fatigue, 2 cough, 1 expectoration, 1 dyspnea, 1 vomiting, 1 diarrhea, 1 muscular soreness. The severity of clinical manifestations was divided into 5 cases of common type and 1 case of severe type. It took average time interval of 5.3 days from incidence to visit, and 1.2 hours from diagnosis to reporting. The exposed places of the clustering outbreak was family. To Spread in close contact with droplets or close contact. The mean of incubation was 7 days(6 days to 12 days). The first case was male, 51 years old. There were 4 cases in the second generation and 1 case in the third generation. Conclusion: The outbreak spreaded in the form of close droplets or close contact with the family as the site of exposure. To control and prevent the outbreak happen, prevention of contagion, we must enhance early warning and surveillance of outbreaks, and early detection of cases, early reporting, early isolation, early treatment, strict screening and management for their close contacts.