不同年龄老年轻度认知功能障碍患者的中医体质分布及其影响因素分析

摘要 目的：分析不同年龄老年轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）患者的中医体质分布及发生MCI的影响因素。方法：将我院2018年12月至2020年12月期间收治的100例老年MCI患者作为观察组,同期选择100例认知功能正常的健康体检者作为对照组;统计两组受试者一般临床资料,观察组结合临床表现并参照中华中医药学会颁布实施的《中医体质分类与判定》相关标准对其中医体质进行判定和评估,采用多元logistics回归模型分析发生MCI的影响因素。结果：60~70岁和71~80岁MCI患者中医体质以气虚质为主,80岁以上MCI患者中医体质以阳虚质、气虚质和痰湿质为主;观察组和对照组的居住情况、家庭关系和中医体质存在明显差异（P<0.05）;多元logistics回归模型分析结果显示,居住情况、家庭关系和中医体质是发生MCI的影响因素（OR值=1.923、2.002、1.964,P<0.05）。结论：80岁或以下的老年MCI患者中医体质以气虚质为主,80岁以上老年MCI患者中医体质以阳虚质、气虚质和痰湿质为主,且患者居住情况、家庭关系和中医体质是影响MCI发生的因素。

Analysis on the Distribution and Influencing Factors of TCM Constitution in Elderly Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment at Different Ages

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the distribution of TCM constitutions in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) of different ages and the influencing factors of MCI. Methods: A total of 100 elderly patients with MCI who were admitted to our hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group, and 100 healthy subjects with normal cognitive function during the same period were selected as the control group. The general clinical data of the two groups of subjects were collected, and the observation group judged and evaluated their TCM constitutions based on their clinical manifestations and the relevant standards of "Classification and Determination of TCM Constitutions" promulgated and implemented by China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and multiple logistics regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of MCI. Results: The TCM constitutions of patients with MCI aged 60~70 years and 71~80 years were mainly Qi-deficient constitution, and the TCM constitutions of patients with MCI aged over 80 years were mainly Yang-deficient constitution, Qi-deficient constitution and Phlegm-dampness constitution. There were significant differences in living condition, family relationships and TCM constitution between the observation group and the control group (P<0.05). The results of multiple logistics regression model analysis showed that living conditions, family relationships and TCM constitution were the influencing factors for MCI occurred (OR value=1.923, 2.002, 1.964, P<0.05). Conclusion: The TCM constitutions of the elderly patients with MCI aged 80 or below are mainly Qi-deficient constitution, while those of the elderly patients with MCI aged over 80 are mainly Yang-deficient constitution, Qi-deficient constitution and Phlegm-dampness constitution. The living condition, family relationships and TCM constitutions of the patients are the influencing factors for MCI occurred.