基因打靶技术的原理及操作

基因打靶是近几年发展起来的一种通过同源重组定点改变小鼠基因组特定位点的技术,其诞生是分子生物学与实验胚胎学方法相结合的产物,它的出现又导致了体内研究与体外研究、分子生物学与临床病理学的有机结合,为研究基因的体内功能和疾病的致病机理提供了一种有力的实验手段。本文以基因打靶的实验过程为主线,介绍该技术的原理、操作、进展和应用。

The principle and experimental practice of gene knockout

Gene knockout, a newly developed method,that specifically changes the target sites in mouse genome using gene homologous recombination, is resulted from the combination of the methods of molecular biology and experimental embryology. The development of gene knockout, in verse, results the combination of the in vivo study and in vitro study, and the combination of molecular biology and clinical pathology. The method provides a powerful tool for the study of gene functions in vivo and the study of pathological mechanisms of certain genes. This article focuses mainly on the principle and the methodological aspect of the method, and also pays some attention to the advances and potential usage of the method.