Toward an understanding of biochemical equilibria within living cells |
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Authors: | Germán Rivas " target="_blank">Allen P Minton |
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Institution: | 1.Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas,Madrid,Spain;2.Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,USA |
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Abstract: | Four types of environmental effects that can affect macromolecular reactions in a living cell are defined: nonspecific intermolecular interactions, side reactions, partitioning between microenvironments, and surface interactions. Methods for investigating these interactions and their influence on target reactions in vitro are reviewed. Methods employed to characterize conformational and association equilibria in vivo are reviewed and difficulties in their interpretation cataloged. It is concluded that, in order to be amenable to unambiguous interpretation, in vivo studies must be complemented by in vitro studies carried out in well-characterized and controllable media designed to contain key elements of selected intracellular microenvironments. |
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