Low diversity and high levels of population genetic structuring in introduced eastern mosquitofish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Gambusia holbrooki</Emphasis>) in the greater Melbourne area,Australia |
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Authors: | Renae M Ayres Vincent J Pettigrove Ary A Hoffmann |
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Institution: | (1) Centre for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research and Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia;(2) Research and Technology, Melbourne Water Corporation, P.O. Box 4342, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia;(3) Centre for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research and Department of Zoology and Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia |
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Abstract: | Eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) were introduced into Australia in 1925 and released to control mosquitoes. Gambusia holbrooki rapidly became invasive in recipient environments and now threaten native fauna. In this study, we used five polymorphic
microsatellite loci and sequence from two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I, to evaluate genetic
variation, colonisation and movement patterns of introduced G. holbrooki in the greater Melbourne area, and to assist in identifying the feasibility of local eradication. Microsatellite variation
was consistently low within populations and there was evidence of bottleneck events for several populations. Populations displayed
significant structuring associated with river basins rather than geographic distance, suggesting that habitat connectivity
is important for dispersal. However, a few populations within river basins were more closely related to populations in other
river basins than within their own basin, most likely reflecting a role of human-assisted dispersal in population establishment.
Mitochondrial sequencing revealed only a single haplotype and suggested all populations were founded by individuals from a
common source. These genetic data help delineate boundaries for local management strategies. |
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