Impact of biological factors on the ennoblement of stainless steel in Baltic seawater |
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Authors: | K Mattila L Carpen L Raaska H-L Alakomi T Hakkarainen M S Salkinoja-Salonen |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, POB 56, Biocenter, Helsinki University, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland, FI;(2) VTT Manufacturing Technology, POB 1704, FIN-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland, FI;(3) VTT Biotechnology, POB 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland, FI |
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Abstract: | Open circuit potentials of stainless steels increased when immersed in the Baltic Sea. The ennoblement potential was +200 mVsce in 40 to 50 days when sea water temperature was below 52°C and +300–400 mVsce within <40 days at around 102°C. Ennoblement occurred in a laboratory ecosystem at 232°C in 20 to 30 days, and at 262°C in <20 days, but no ennoblement occurred at A322°C within 40 days. By the time the ennoblement was complete, compact microcolonies covered 1–10% of the steel surface. Nutrient enrichment of Baltic Sea water by twofold above the natural levels increased microbial growth but attenuated open circuit potential increase of the stainless steels. Exposure of the ennobled stainless steels to similar levels of nutrients did not reverse the already developed open circuit potentials. Attenuation of the ennobling response of the stainless steels by increases of temperature and eutrophication suggests a role for microorganisms which is crucial for the electrochemical behaviour of steels in brackish Baltic Sea water. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 410–420. Received 02 November 1999/ Accepted in revised form 24 March 2000 |
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Keywords: | : biofilm stainless steel ennoblement Baltic Sea season laboratory ecosystem |
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