Optimization of continuous-flow solid-phase denitrification via coupling carriers in enhancing simultaneous removal of nitrogen and organics for agricultural runoff purification

Coupling of biodegradable corncob and plastic carrier was optimized in continuous-flow solid-phase denitrification systems for enhancing simultaneously removal of nitrogen and organics in agricultural runoff. In compared with preposition of plastic carriers and mixed distribution method, it was demonstrated that the preposition of corncobs simultaneously enhanced nitrate (6.64 ± 1.35 mg L^?1 day ^?1) and organics removal (6.33 ± 1.44 mg L^?1 day^?1) at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h. The operation performance could be further enhanced with extension of HRT to 12 h. The dominant genera found in corncob were denitrifiers for nitrate reduction (Bosea, Simplicispira, Desulfovibrio, Klebsiella, etc.) and fermentative bacteria (Pleomorphomonas, Actinotalea, Opitutus, Cellulomonas, Bacteroides, etc.) responsible for corncob degrading to simple organics for other denitrifiers. However, much lower and different denitrifiers abundances (Bradyrhizobium, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, etc.) exhibited on plastic filler than those of corncob. It well explained that the biofilm on plastic carrier was mainly related with organics removal while the biofilm on corncobs inclined to effectively remove nitrate, and simultaneous removal of nitrogen and organics could be achieved in coupling carriers system with preposition of biodegradable corncob.