Change in Bacterial Community Structure in Response to Disturbance of Natural Hardwood and Secondary Coniferous Forest Soils in Central Taiwan |
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Authors: | Yu-Te Lin Kamlesh Jangid William B Whitman David C Coleman Chih-Yu Chiu |
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Institution: | (1) Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China;(2) Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2605, USA;(3) Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2602, USA; |
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Abstract: | Forest management often results in changes in the soil and its microbial communities. In the present study, differences in
the soil bacterial community caused by forest management practices were characterized using small subunit (SSU) ribosomal
RNA (rRNA) gene clone libraries. The communities were from a native hardwood forest (HWD) and two adjacent conifer plantations
in a low-elevation montane, subtropical experimental forest at the Lienhuachi Experimental Forest (LHCEF) in central Taiwan.
At this locality, the elevation ranges from 600 to 950 m, the mean annual precipitation is 2,200 mm, the mean annual temperature
is 20.8°C, and the soil pH is 4. The conifer forests included a Cunninghamia konishii Hay (CNH) plantation of 40 years and an old growth Calocedrus formosana (Florin) Florin (CLC) forest of 80 years. A total of 476 clones were sequenced and assigned into 12 phylogenetic groups.
Proteobacteria-affiliated clones (53%) predominated in the library from HWD soils. In contrast, Acidobacteria was the most abundant phylum and comprised 39% and 57% in the CLC and CNH libraries, respectively. Similarly, the most abundant
OTUs in HWD soils were greatly reduced or absent in the CLC and CNH soils. Based on several diversity indices, the numbers
of abundant OTUs and singletons, and rarefaction curves, the diversity of the HWD community (0.95 in evenness and Shannon
diversity indices) was somewhat less than that in the CNH soils (0.97 in evenness and Shannon diversity indices). The diversity
of the community in CLC soils was intermediate. The differences in diversity among the three communities may also reflect
changes in abundances of a few OTUs. The CNH forest soil community may be still in a successional phase that is only partially
stabilized after 40 years. Analysis of molecular variance also revealed that the bacterial community composition of HWD soils
was significantly different from CLC and CNH soils (p = 0.001). These results suggest that the disturbance of forest conversion and tree species composition are important factors
influencing the soil bacterial community among three forest ecosystems in the same climate. |
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