Hsp70 and cardiac surgery: molecular chaperone and inflammatory regulator with compartmentalized effects |
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Authors: | Petrus R de Jong Alvin W L Schadenberg Nicolaas J G Jansen Berent J Prakken |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pediatric Immunology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Home mailbox KC.03.063.0, PO Box 85090, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Open heart surgery is a unique model to study the interplay between cellular injury, regulation of inflammatory responses
and tissue repair. Stress-inducible heat shock protein 70-kDa (Hsp70) provides a molecular link between these events. In addition
to molecular chaperoning, Hsp70 exerts modulatory effects on endothelial cells and leukocytes involved in inflammatory networks.
Hsp70 residing in the intracellular compartment is part of an inhibitory feedback loop that acts on nuclear factor kappaB
(NF-κB). In contrast, extracellular Hsp70 is recognized by multiple germline-encoded immune receptors, e.g., Toll-like receptor
(TLR) 2, TLR4, LOX-1, CD91, CD94, CCR5 and CD40. Hsp70 is thereby able to enhance chemotaxis, phagocytosis and cytolytic activity
of innate immune cells and stimulate antigen-specific responses. These apparent contradictory pro- and anti-inflammatory effects
of endogenous Hsp70 in the context of cardiac surgery are still not fully understood. An all-embracing model of the compartmentalized
effects of endogenous Hsp70 in the orchestration of inflammatory responses in cardiac surgery is proposed. |
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Keywords: | Cardiac surgery Heat-shock protein 70-kDa Inflammation Innate immunity Nuclear Factor kappa B Toll-like receptors |
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