Significant genetic admixture after reintroduction of peregrine falcon (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Falco peregrinus</Emphasis>) in Southern Scandinavia |
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Authors: | Frode Jacobsen Marit Nesje Lutz Bachmann Jan T Lifjeld |
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Institution: | (1) Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172, Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway;(2) Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA;(3) The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway |
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Abstract: | The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) population in southern Scandinavia was almost extinct in the 1970’s. A successful reintroduction project was launched in
1974, using captive breeding birds of northern and southern Scandinavian, Finnish and Scottish origin. We examined the genetic
structure in the pre-bottleneck population using eleven microsatellite markers and compared the data with the previously genotyped
captive breeding population and contemporary wild population. Museum specimens between 53 and 130 years old were analyzed.
Despite an apparent loss of historical genetic diversity, the contemporary population shows a relatively high level of genetic
variation. Considerable gene introgression from captive breeding stock used to repopulate the former range of southern Scandinavian
peregrines may have altered the genetic composition of this population. Both the historical and contemporary northern and
southern Scandinavian populations are genetically differentiated. The reintroduction project implemented in the region and
the use of non-native genetic stock likely prevented the southern Scandinavian population from extinction and thus helped
maintain the level of genetic diversity and prevent inbreeding depression. The population is rapidly increasing in numbers
and range and shows no indication of reduced fitness or adaptive capabilities in the wake of the severe bottleneck and the
reintroduction. |
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Keywords: | Admixture Falco peregrinus Microsatellites Museum specimens Population bottleneck Reintroductions |
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