膜融合机制研究进展

膜的融合是一个基本的生命过程，在生物的生长发育中有着重要作用。通过融合，两套独立的双层脂分子合二为一，完成一定的生物功能。膜融合分子机制的关键在于其主要成分：融合蛋白。Ⅰ、Ⅱ类病毒融合蛋白形成“发夹”，胞内囊泡与目标膜各提供的融合蛋白形成“类亮氨酸拉链”，这些结构将独立的膜拉近，继而促使膜合为一体。细胞与细胞间融合蛋白的作用机制目前还未明确，在各种膜融合中，脂双层的变化可能是类似的，但介导融合的分子机制应该是不同的。目前，对于膜融合很多方面的理解还停留在假说阶段。理解了膜融合的过程和分子机制不仅将极大地促进生物学的发展，更重要是将为相关的疾病治疗打下坚实的基础。

Advance on mechanisms of membrane fusion

The membrane fusion is a fundamental biological processe. It plays an important role through development of organisms. But the detail of membrane fusion still remains unknown. In the process of membrane fusion, two individual membrane departements become one by the aid of assistant factor. For the molecular mechanism of the process, the proteins are pivotal component. The fusion proteins of classⅠ and classⅡ virus form ＂hairpin＂, one of the vesicles and their target membranes form ＂leeueine-zipper-like＂, whose comformations bring the separate membranes to close proximity and allow them to be one. So far, the molecular mechanisms of cell-cell fusion is unclear. During various membrane fusion, the changes of lipid bilayers are possibly similar, but the mechanisms of membrane fusion are different. It is helpful to develop biology by understanding the processes and molecular mechanism of the membrane fusion. Moreover, it will provide solid groundwork for the treatment of related disease.