黑木耳交配型的研究*

从黑木耳Auricularia auricula沪3菌株的子实体收集、分离、鉴定得到157株单孢子萌发的单核菌丝体,以其中73株孢子单核体为材料进行交配实验,经过三轮交配反应,结果表明,木耳的交配型符合四极性交配系统的分布规律。根据四种交配反应情况把73株孢子单核体分为四组,并从四组中挑选出B17、B177、B101、B65作为四种交配型的标准菌株;与此同时,从沪3菌株的双核菌丝体制备的原生质体中获得53株原生质体单核体,对这些单核体进行交配,确定出两种亲本交配型,以Y150(A1B1)和Y121(A2B2)作为标准菌株,将两个亲本交配型标准菌株与四个孢子单核体标准菌株进行交配反应,初步确定出四种孢子单核体的交配型分别为: B17 (A2B2)、B177(A1B1)、B101(A2B1)和B65(A1B2)。

STUDY ON MATING SYSTEM OF AURICULARIA AURICULA

Basidiospores were collected from fruitbody of strain Hu-3 of Auricularia auricula. Single spore clones were isolated and 157 clones were identified as spore monokaryons using clamp connection as cell marker. Mating tests were carried out in 73 spore monokaryons. Spore monokaryons were divided into 4 groups according their mating reaction and tester strains, B17, B177, B101, B65 were selected to present each mating group. Mating tests were also carried out in 53 protoplast monokaryons. Y150 with mating factor A1B1 and Y121 with mating factor A2B2 were selected to present two parent mating types. By crossing them with tester strains of spore monokaryons , mating factors were determined for B17(A2B2), B177(A1B1), B101(A2B1), B65(A1B2). This study concluded that A.auricula belong to tetrapolar mating system.