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Interspecific and temporal variation in herbivore responses to hybrid willows
Authors:Robert S Fritz  Bernadette M Roche  Steven J Brunsfeld  Colin M Orians
Institution:(1) Department of Biology, Vassar College, 12601 Poughkeepsie, NY, USA;(2) department of Forest Resources, University of Idaho, 83843 Moscow, ID, USA;(3) Department of Biology, Tufts University, 02155 Medford, MA, USA
Abstract:We studied herbivory of two species of willows (Salix sericea and S. eriocephala) and their interspecific hybrids to test alternative hypotheses concerning the effects of hybridization on plant resistance. Individually marked plants were identified using morphological traits in the field and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) band analysis was used to verify the genetic status of many parental and hybrid plants. The desities of 12 herbivore species on plants in the field were compared between two parents and their F2-type hybrids. We found about equal support for the additive, dominance, and hybrid susceptibility hypotheses over 4 years. In one year, one species supported the hybrid resistance hypothesis. Guild membership was not a good predictor of similar responses of species to hybrid versus parental plants. There were marked differences in support for particular hypotheses among years for four herbivore species. This study demonstrates the diversity of responses of phytophages in response to interspecific hybridization, and indicates that year-to-year variation in relative resistance of hybrid plants can be important.
Keywords:Hybrid  Herbivores  RAPD  Salix  Year-to-year variation
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