Animal oocyte and embryo cryopreservation |
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Authors: | R M Pereira C C Marques |
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Institution: | 1.Departamento de Reprodu??o Animal,Esta??o Zootécnica Nacional (EZN),Vale de Santarem,Portugal |
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Abstract: | Cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos is a crucial step for the widespread and conservation of animal genetic resources.
However, oocytes and early embryos are very sensitive to chilling and cryopreservation and although new advances have been
achieved in the past few years the perfect protocol has not yet been established. All oocytes and embryos suffer considerable
morphological and functional damage during cryopreservation but the extent of the injury as well as differences in survival
and developmental rates may be highly variable depending on the species, developmental stage and origin (for example, in vitro
produced or in vivo derived, micromanipulated or not). Currently, there are two methods for gamete and embryos cryopreservation:
slow freezing and vitrification. We have experienced both techniques but vitrification has become a viable and promising alternative
to traditional approaches especially when dealing with in vitro produced or micromanipulated embryos and oocytes. Recently
new strategies based on emerging studies in the field of lipid research have been used to reduce intracellular lipid content
in bovine in vitro produced embryos and therefore increase their tolerance to micromanipulation and cryopreservation. The
addition of a conjugated isomer of linoleic acid, the trans-10, cis-12 octadecadienoic acid to embryo culture medium more than twice improved embryo post-thawing viability after micromanipulation
and vitrification. Vitrification was also used for the cryopreservation of embryos belonging to the Portuguese Animal Germplasm
Bank project presently running at our facilities.
Presented at the International Consensus Meeting “New Horizons in Cell and Tissue Banking” on May 2007 at Vale de Santarém,
Portugal. |
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Keywords: | Animal Cryopreservation Oocyte Embryo Freezing Vitrification Cryoinjuries CLA Germplasm bank |
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