Biological Control Through Intraguild Predation: Case Studies in Pest Control,Invasive Species and Range Expansion |
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Authors: | C J Bampfylde M A Lewis |
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Institution: | (1) Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G1;(2) Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E9 |
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Abstract: | Intraguild predation (IGP), the interaction between species that eat each other and compete for shared resources, is ubiquitous
in nature. We document its occurrence across a wide range of taxonomic groups and ecosystems with particular reference to
non-indigenous species and agricultural pests. The consequences of IGP are complex and difficult to interpret. The purpose
of this paper is to provide a modelling framework for the analysis of IGP in a spatial context. We start by considering a
spatially homogeneous system and find the conditions for predator and prey to exclude each other, to coexist and for alternative
stable states. Management alternatives for the control of invasive or pest species through IGP are presented for the spatially
homogeneous system. We extend the model to include movement of predator and prey. In this spatial context, it is possible
to switch between alternative stable steady states through local perturbations that give rise to travelling waves of extinction
or control. The direction of the travelling wave depends on the details of the nonlinear intraguild interactions, but can
be calculated explicitly. This spatial phenomenon suggests means by which invasions succeed or fail, and yields new methods
for spatial biological control. Freshwater case studies are used to illustrate the outcomes. |
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Keywords: | Competition Intraguild predation Mathematical model Biological control Travelling waves Reaction– diffusion Differential equations Range expansion Non-indigenous species |
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