Characterization of obestatin- and ghrelin-producing cells in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas of rats: an immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic study |
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Authors: | Chun-Mei Zhao Marianne W Furnes Björn Stenström Bård Kulseng Duan Chen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Laboratory Center (3rd Floor, East Side), Erling Skjalgssons Gate 1, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway;(2) Center for Obesity, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Trondheim, St. Olavs Hospital, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway |
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Abstract: | Both ghrelin and obestatin are derived from preproghrelin by post-translational processing. We have morphologically characterized
the cells that produce obestatin and ghrelin in new-born and adult Sprague-Dawley rats that were freely fed, fasted, or subjected
to gastric bypass surgery or reserpine treatment. Tissue samples collected from the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas were
examined by double-immunofluorescence staining, immunoelectron microscopy, and conventional electron microscopy. Obestatin
was present in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, colon, and pancreas. In the stomach, differences were noted in the development
of obestatin- and preproghrelin-immunreactive (IR) cells on the one hand and ghrelin-IR cells on the other, particularly 2 weeks
after birth. Preproghrelin- and obestatin-IR cells were more numerous than ghrelin-IR cells in the stomach, suggesting the
lack of ghrelin in some A-like cells. Most obestatin-producing cells in the stomach were distributed in the basal part of
the oxyntic mucosa; these cells co-localized with chromogranin A (pancreastatin) and vesicle monoamine transporters type 1
and 2, but not with serotonin or histidine decarboxylase. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed the obestatin- and ghrelin-producing
cells to be A-like cells, characterized by numerous highly electron-dense granules containing ghrelin and obestatin. Some
granules exhibited an even electron density with thin electron-lucent halos, suggestive of monoamines. Feeding status, gastric
bypass surgery, and reserpine treatment had no obvious effect on the A-like cells. In the pancreas, obestatin was present
in the peripheral part of the islets, with a distribution distinct from that of glucagon-producing A cells, insulin-producing
beta cells, and cells producing pancreatic polypeptide Y. Thus, obestatin and ghrelin co-localize with an anticipated monoamine
in A-like cells in the stomach, and obestatin is found in pancreatic islets.
This study was supported by a grant from the Cancer Foundation of St. Olav’s Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. |
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Keywords: | A-like cells Ultrastructure Monoamines Rat (Sprague Dawley) |
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