植物小开放阅读框编码肽的研究进展

小开放阅读框（small open reading frame，sORF）一般指基因组中能够编码长度在100个氨基酸左右或以内短肽的开放阅读框。它们广泛存在于植物基因组，却因编码短肽而常被基因组注释忽视。随着翻译组学和蛋白质组学测序技术的发展，具有翻译活性的sORF被证实广泛存在于植物基因组，且参与植物生长发育等重要过程的调控。该文归纳了近些年来植物领域sORF的一些研究进展，主要包括sORF的来源与分类、信息学预测方法和生物学功能等，并基于此对植物sORF未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Advances in studies on small open reading frames in plants

Small open reading frames (sORFs) can encode small peptides with lengths of about 100 amino acids or less. They exist in plant genomes but are often excluded from genome annotations. With the development of translatomics and proteomics, accumulating evidence suggests that sORFs are widely present in plant genomes and are involved in the regulation of plant growth and development. This review summarizes recent progress in sORF studies in plants, including biogenesis and classification, bioinformatic prediction methods, and biological functions, and provides a prospective outlook for future research directions.