蛹期薜荔榕小蜂的琼脂培养

目的]薜荔Ficus pumila var.pumila瘦果具有极高的营养食用价值,其结实依赖薜荔榕小蜂Wiebesia pumilae传粉.本研究旨在探讨蛹期植食性寄生蜂室内培养的可能性.方法]在不同温度(22,24,26,28,30和32℃)和光周期(0L∶24D,10L∶14D,12L∶12D,14L∶10D...

Culturing of pupalWiebesia pumilae(Hymenoptera: Agaonidae) on agar culture medium

【Aim】 The achene of Ficus pumila var. pumila has extremely high nutritional andedible values, and F. pumila depends on the pollination of Wiebesia pumilae so that it canbear fruit. This study aims to explore the possibility of laboratory culture of herbivorousparasitic wasps in pupal stage. 【Methods】 The W. pumilae pupae were cultured on agarculture medium at different temperatures (22, 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32℃) and photoperiods (0L∶24D, 10L∶14D, 12L∶12D, 14L∶10D and 24L∶0D), the developmental morphology and durationof W. pumilae pupae at various stages, the female adult longevity and the water content ofgalls were determined, and the processes of morphological development of galls wereobserved. 【Results】 As the temperature increased within the range of 22-28℃, thedevelopmental rate of W. pumilae pupae increased, the emergence time became earlier, butthe emergence rate showed no significant difference. The developmental duration of W.pumilae pupae was the shortest at 28℃ in agar culture, and the developmental duration fromprepupa to adult were 25.65 d for female and 21.79 d for male, which was 44.00 d shorterthan that of female and male fig wasps in the wild. A few W. pumilae pupae could develop tomature pupal stage at 30℃, and W. pumilae prepupae entered into diapause at 32℃,suggesting that 30℃ may be the extreme temperature of heat tolerance for the developmentof W. pumilae pupae. There were no significant differences in the developmental rate andemergence rate of W. pumilae in the pupal stage under different photoperiods. The watercontent of galls decreased fast with the temperature increasing within the range of 22-28℃, the longer the culture time, the lower the water content of galls. When W. pumilae waspscultured on agar culture medium emerged at 28℃, the water content of galls was 41.79%,which was significantly lower than that in the wild (51.63%). The gall shell was very harddue to the low water content, and it is difficult for W. pumilae wasps to dig out the holefor flying out, which may be the main reason for the failure of wasp flying out afteremergence in agar culture. 【Conclusion】 The agar culture method of this study providespossibilities for continuous observation of the development of herbivorous parasitic waspsat the pupal stage and acquisition of experimental wasp materials.