氯胺酮对小鼠Ⅲ度烧伤死亡率和瘢痕形成的作用

目的观察氯胺酮对小鼠Ⅲ度烧伤死亡率和疤痕形成的作用,为临床应用提供实验依据。方法小鼠背部用95%酒精造成Ⅲ度火焰烧伤,烧伤面积7cm2,烧伤时间30s;氯胺酮用量10～20mg/kg,分别于烧伤后或烧伤前后腹腔注射,对照组注射等量生理盐水,通过烧伤小鼠早期死亡率和烧伤后期瘢痕面积观察其作用。结果 BALB/c和C57BL/6小鼠烧伤后立即、4h、24h腹腔注射氯胺酮20mg/kg,小鼠死亡率分别为42.8%和100%,与对照组无明显差别（P〉0.05）;C57BL/6小鼠烧伤前10min和烧伤后4h、24h注射氯胺酮10mg/kg,小鼠死亡率为100%,与对照组也无差别。烧伤时间减为20s,于烧伤烧伤后立即和24h注射氯胺酮20mg/kg,35d后测定瘢痕面积,治疗组明显小于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论氯胺酮无明显降低小鼠烧伤早期死亡率的效果,但有减少烧伤瘢痕面积的作用,可能与氯胺酮抗炎作用有关。

Effect of Ketamine on Mortality and Scar Formation in Third-degree Burned Mouse

Objective To observe the effects of ketamine on mortality and scar formation in third-degree burned mouse. Methods Burns were inflicted on mouse back with 95% alcohol frame,the burned area was 7. 0 cm2 ,the time was 30 s. The ketamine doses were 10 ～ 20 mg /kg,and were injected intraperitoneally into the mice after burn injury or before. Tales doses saline was given into non-treated burned mice. The mortality of burned mice and the scar area at 35 d after burn injury were respectively recorded. Results As BALB /c and C57BL /6 mice were treated with ketamine 20 mg / kg at immediately,4 h,24 h after burn injury,the mortality of mice was 42. 8% and 100% ,respectively,no different from control group（P 0. 05）. As C57BL /6 mice were treated by ketamine 10 mg /kg at 10 min before burn injury and at 4 h,24 h after burn injury,the mortality was 100% ,also no different comparing with control group. As the time of burn injury was shortened to 20 s and treated with ketamine 20 mg /kg at immediately and 24 h after burn injury,the scar area at 35 d was significantly lesser than control group （ P 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The results showed that ketamine was no significantly effective to reduce the mortality of burned mice. But it could diminish scar area after burn injury. It may be related to ketamine anti-inflammatory effects.