兴隆山自然保护区麝场圈养马麝刻板行为的比较

于2001年3月—2002年1月,采用焦点取样法对甘肃兴隆山自然保护区麝场圈养马麝的刻板行为进行了研究。结果表明:该麝场的圈养马麝有刻板行为的发育,雌麝的刻板行为持续时间少于雄麝,但二者间的差异不显著。野捕马麝幼年期的人工哺乳经历使其刻板行为表达强度相对小于麝场圈养下繁殖马麝。年龄对雌雄麝的刻板行为表达强度的效应相似,亚成体马麝的刻板行为表达较多,成体马麝体的刻板行为表达相对较少,老年马麝刻板行为持续时间最长,2.5和4.5岁是圈养马麝刻板行为发育的关键时期。此外,能顺利繁殖的个体,其刻板行为表达的持续时间少于繁殖失败的个体。

Stereotyped behavior of captive Moschus sifanicus in Xinglong Mountain Nature Reserve

From March 2001 to January 2002, the stereotyped behavior of Moschus sifanicus was studied in a deer farm of Xinglong Mountain Nature Reserve. Focal sampling method was used to observe and record the stereotyped behavior patterns of M. sifanicus and the potential differences among its special populations classified by some variables such as age, gender, and reproduction history, etc. The results showed that abundant stereotyped behavior was formed by the captive M. sifanicus in the farm, and the expression duration of this behavior was less for female than for male, which was supposed to be related to the nursing activity of the former. The deer captured from the wild expressed less stereotyped behavior than that born in captivity , because of the artificial lactating history of the former. Sub-adult M. sifanicus expressed more stereotyped behavior than the adult, and the stereotyped behavior of M. sifanicus older than 5.5 years was most intensive. The key period for the stereotyped behavior formation of M. sifanicus was 2.5 and 4.5 years old, and the individuals with successful reproduction had less stereotyped behavior than those with failed reproduction, although the difference was not significant.