四倍体大燕麦与六倍体裸燕麦的受精作用和胚胎发育

用石蜡切片法，对四倍体大燕麦(Avena magna L.)和六倍体裸燕麦(Avena nuda L.)杂交的受精作用和胚胎发育进行了观察。结果表明，六倍体裸燕麦花粉在四倍体大燕麦柱头上萌发良好，花粉管可顺利长入花柱和胚囊。观察的168个四倍体大燕麦子房中，238%发生了双受精，产生了胚和胚乳；179%发生了单卵受精，只产生胚乳而无胚；总受精率为536%；成胚率为417%。由于胚乳的缺乏或发育异常及败育，最终难以获得有生活力的种子。为四倍体大燕麦和六倍体裸燕麦杂交提供了细胞胚胎学证据。

Fertilization and Embryo Development in Hybridization between Avena magna and Avena nuda

Observations were made on the fertilization and early embryo development in intergeneric cross between Avena magna and Avena nuda. The pollen germination of Avena nada appeared to be normal on the stigma of Avena magna and the pollen tubes grew into the style and entered the embryo sacs. In 168 florets fixed after pollination, 2.38% had double fertilization and produced embryo and endosperm, but the endosperm development was slower than that of the embryo, 1.79% had only embryo and 1.19% had only endosperm. The frequency of fertilization and embryo formation were 5.36% and 4.17% respectively. Due to the lack of endosperm or its abnormal development and abortion, no viable seeds were poduced. Cytoembryological evidence was provided for crosses between Avena magna and Avena nuda.