滹沱河湿地石家庄段水鸟群落结构及多样性

2003年3月～2006年4月,对滹沱河湿地石家庄段水鸟进行了调查。共记录水鸟80种,隶属于7目16科。其中候鸟73种(夏候鸟、冬候鸟和旅鸟),留鸟7种;古北种62种,东洋种11种,广布种7种;国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类11种。鸻形目和雁形目鸟类占优势,各占水鸟种数的35.00%和30.00%。水鸟种类和数量高峰出现在4月和11月,低谷在1月和2月。多样性分析表明,冶河-黄壁庄水库和滹沱河-岗南水库Shannon-Weiner指数和G-F指数均高于石板水库,这与湿地面积和生境的多样性有关。滹沱河湿地石家庄段作为许多水鸟,尤其是黑鹳的重要栖息地,需进一步加强监测和保护。

Water Birds Community Structure and Diversity in Shijiazhuang Section of Hutuo River Wetland

An investigation on the water birds was carried out in Shijiazhuang section of Hutuo river wetland from March in 2003 to April in 2006.80 species of water birds were recorded,which belonged to 16 families and 7 orders.Among the total,73 species(including summer breeders,winter species and transient migrants) were migrants and 7 species were residents;62 species belonged to Palearctic,11 species to Oriental realm and 7 species to widespread;11 species were national protected wildlife in China.The birds of Anseriformes and Charadriifomes were the dominant species accounting for 35.00% and 30.00% in community respectively.The water bird species richness and abundance were the highest in April and November,and the lowest in January and February.Both Shannon-Wiener index and the G-F index of Ye river-Huangbizhuang reservoir and Hutuo river-Gangnan reservoir are higher than Shiban reservoir,which is relevant to the area of the wetland and habitat heterogeneity.As an important habitat of many waterbirds,particularly black stork;long-term monitoring and conservation programs should be taken into consideration in Shijiazhuang section of Hutuo river wetland.