花生衰老进程的研究

通过对鲁花11号和辐8707 2个高产花生品种的衰老进程研究表明：花生衰老具有地上部（叶片）渐进衰老和整株衰老的双重特点。花生从始花至花后60d左右为地上部（叶片）渐进衰老期：此期主茎高、侧枝长、分枝数、主茎、侧枝绿叶数、叶面积、茎、叶干重迅速增加，并接近或达到最大值，主茎及侧枝基部叶片逐渐由下向上开始衰老死亡，饱果开始出现，根系活力、固氮酶活性逐渐升高至接近最大值，始花后60－90d为整株缓衰期，此期地上部茎叶生长基因停止，逐渐开始衰老死亡，主茎、侧枝绿叶数开始减少，生殖体（荚果）干重迅速增长，根系活力、固氮酶活性缓慢降低；始花后90d以后称为整株速衰期，此期主茎、侧枝绿叶迅速减少，地上部迅速衰老死亡，生殖体（荚果）干重缓慢增长，根系活力、固氮酶活性迅速降低。地上部（叶片）渐进衰老期与开花及大量荚果形成相对应，整株缓衰期伴随着荚果迅速增重，整株速衰期与荚果缓慢增重一致。

Studies on senescence process of peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

The process of peanut plant senescence was studied with two high yielding peanut cultivars (cv.Luhua11 and Fu8707),the main results were as follows.The senescence process of peanut plant may be described as three phases.The first phase began from first anthesis and extended to 60 days (first maturing pod formation),may be termed as (leaf) progressive senescence phase.During this phase,the leaf began to abscission from bottom to top,but stem height,number of green leaves,leaf area per plant increased rapidly,and approached the maximum.The vigour of roots and activity of nitrogenase increased gradually to approaching the maximum.The second phase began from 60 days to 90 days after anthesis,may be termed as plant slow senescence phase.During this phase leaves growth approached to end and got to senesce.The number of green leaves on main stem and cotyledonary branches decreased,yet pods mass increased rapidly.The third phase began from 90 days after anthesis to harvest,may be termed as plant rapid senescence phase.In this phase the green leaves of main stem and cotyledonary branches decreased,leaves senesced rapidly.Roots vigour and nitrogenase activity decreased rapidly,reproductive organs mass increased slower.The 1st phase accompanied with rapid vegetative growth and a vast amount of flowers,pegs and pods formation.The 2nd phase corresponded to the rapid growth of pods mass.The 3rd phase consistent with the slower increase of pods mass.