Natural durability of selected larch and Scots pine heartwoods in laboratory and field tests

The aim of this study was to compare natural durability of Siberian larch heartwood grown in Siberia and Sweden as well as European larch and Scots pine heartwood grown in Sweden. The study was based on standard in- and above ground tests lasting 12 years but laboratory decay tests with white and brown rot fungi was also included. Field test results showed that Siberian larch heartwood from Siberia was the most durable among the studied heartwoods with a decay index of 60 after 12 years in Simlångsdalen (Sweden), while European larch heartwood grown in Sweden, was decayed to failure before the end of the test. Scots pine heartwood was found to perform similarly to Siberian larch from Siberia. No relationship could be established between natural durability of examined heartwoods and their water absorption behavior; however, strong correlation to the total amount of extractives was observed. Scots pine and Siberian larch heartwood from Siberia had 12.7 and 19.6% total extractives content respectively but the extractives composition differs. The study revealed also that lignin and monosaccharide content could not explain the variations in decay resistance of the studied heartwoods. No similarities in the natural durability revealed by laboratory and field tests were observed.