Increased control of thrips and aphids in greenhouses with two species of generalist predatory bugs involved in intraguild predation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture, PO Box 20, 2265 ZG Bleiswijk, The Netherlands;2. IBED, Section Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. Departamento Ecosistemas Agroforestales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural, UniversitatPolitècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 460222 Valencia, Spain;2. Institutd’Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres, IGIC, EscolaPolitècnica Superior de Gandia, UniversitatPolitècnica de València, Paranimf, 1, 46730, Grau de Gandia, Gandia, Spain;3. Universitat de València, Departament de Zoologia, Laboratori d’Investigació d’Entomologia, C/ Dr. Moliner s/n, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain;4. National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Via Università 133, I-80055 Portici, NA, Italy;5. Instituto Agroforestal Mediterraneo, UniversitatPolitècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;1. School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou 310023, PR China;2. Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China;1. Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan;2. Agriculture Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, 35516 El-Mansoura, Egypt;3. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan;4. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt;5. Group of Arthropod Ecology and Behavior, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter Jordanstrasse 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria;6. Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan;1. Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Unidad de Entomología UJI-IVIA. Carretera de Moncada-Náquera Km. 4,5, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain;2. Unitat Associada d''Entomologia UJI-IVIA, Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, UJI, Campus del Riu Sec, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain;3. INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France;4. Inst Sustainable Plant Protect IPSP, Portici Div, Italian Natl Res Council CNR, I-80055 Portici, NA, Italy |
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| Abstract: | The combined release of species of generalist predators can enhance multiple pest control when the predators feed on different prey, but, in theory, predators may be excluded through predation on each other. This study evaluated the co-occurrence of the generalist predators Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur and Orius laevigatus (Fieber) and their control of two pests in a sweet pepper crop. Both predators consume pollen and nectar in sweet pepper flowers, prey on thrips and aphids, and O. laevigatus is an intraguild predator of M. pygmaeus. Observations in a commercial sweet pepper crop in a greenhouse with low densities of pests showed that the two predator species coexisted for 8 months. Moreover, their distributions in flowers suggested that they were neither attracted to each other, nor avoided or excluded each other. A greenhouse experiment showed that the predators together clearly controlled thrips and aphids better than each of them separately. Thrips control was significantly better in the presence of O. laevigatus and aphid control was significantly better in the presence of M. pygmaeus. Hence, combined inoculative releases of M. pygmaeus and O. laevigatus seem to be a good solution for controlling both thrips and aphids in greenhouse-grown sweet pepper. The predators are able to persist in one crop for a sufficiently long period and they complement each other in the control of both pests. This study also provides further evidence that intraguild predation does not necessarily have negative effects on biological control. |
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| Keywords: | Biological control Coexistence Intraguild predation |
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