First report of pathogenicity of entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus Heterorhabditis on partially engorged females of Dermacentor nitens (Acari: Ixodidae) |
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| Institution: | 1. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, 7 km-Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n-Campus Universitário, Bairro Martelos, 36036-330 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil;3. Embrapa Gado de Leite, Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, 610, Bairro Dom Bosco, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil;4. Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense–UENF. Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000–CEP 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Departamento de Investigación en Entomología Médica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama;2. Departamento de Control de Vectores, Ministerio de Salud, Colón, Panama;3. Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, TX, USA;4. Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, TX, USA;5. Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Tropicales, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama;1. Residência em Nutrição Clínica, Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal, HBDF, MHS Q 101, Brasília-DF 7033-000, Brazil;2. University of Brasilia, Department of Nutrition, Fundação Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília-DF 70910-900, Brazil;3. Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust Rehabilitation & Therapies Department, Sydney Street, South Kensington, London SW3 6NP, UK;4. Residência em Nutrição Clínica, Hospital Regional de Santa Maria, HRSM, Quadra “A-C” 102 Conjunto A, B, C e D s/n° - Santa Maria, Brasília-DF 72502100, Brazil;1. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Centre of Advanced Faculty Training, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bengaluru 560 024, Karnataka, India;2. Institute of Animal Health & Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bengaluru 560 024, India;3. Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Hassan, India;1. Laboratory of Ecology and Environment, (URAC 32, CNRST; ERACNERS 06), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco;2. Institut Supérieur des Professions Infirmières et des Techniques de Santé (ISPITS), Ministry of Health, Marrakesh, Morocco;1. Unidad Asociada de Entomología IVIA (Instituto Valenciano Investigaciones Agrarias) – CIB (Centro Investigaciones Biológicas)-CSIC, Ctra Moncada-Náquera, Km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain;2. Laboratory of Insect–Plant Interactions, CIB, CSIC, Ramiro de Maéztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain;3. Centro de Ecología Química Agrícola-Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, Edificio 6C, 4ª y 5ª planta, 46022 Valencia, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HP88 and Heterorhabditis indica LPP1 on the reproductive biology of partially engorged females of Dermacentor nitens. Four groups were formed, with each group containing 10 females and exposed to concentrations of 0, 75, 300, and 1200 nematodes for each female. This procedure was performed separately for each nematode. The following biological parameters were evaluated: egg mass weight, egg production index, hatching percentage, and percentage of control. H. bacteriophora HP88 at the two highest concentrations (300 and 1200 EPNs/female) caused a reduction (p < 0.05) on the egg mass and egg production index. Was noted a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the percentage of hatched in all the treated groups. For H. indica LPP1, all treatments resulted in decreased (p < 0.05) values for all the parameters. The percentages of controls obtained at concentrations of 75, 300, and 1200 EPNs/female were 56.3, 89.3, and 98.8 and 77.5, 77.1, and 95.9 for H. bacteriophora HP88 and H. indica LPP1, respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that these nematodes showed pathogenicity toward partially engorged females of D. nitens, thereby negatively affecting the reproductive biology of this tick. |
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| Keywords: | Biological control Tropical horse tick |
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