Biodegradation of eucalyptus urograndis wood by fungi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), P.O. Box 96, CEP: 13400-970 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), P.O. Box. 237, CEP: 18603-970 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Departamento de Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, P.O. Box 510, CEP: 18618-970 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil;4. Departamento de Ciência Florestal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, UNESP, P.O. Box 237, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, No. 123, University Road, Section 3, Douliou, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan;2. Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, No. 1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, Taiwan;1. Central Michigan University, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Brooks Hall 314, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858, United States;2. The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Geological Sciences, 2275 Speedway Stop C9000, Austin, TX 78712-1722, United States;1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;2. Gas Technology Institute, 1700 S. Mt. Prospect Rd., Des Plaines, IL 60018, USA;1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China;3. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China |
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| Abstract: | We focused in selecting four fungi, naturally living in Eucalyptus sp. fields, for application in accelerating stump decay. The wood-rot fungi Pycnoporus sanguineus (Ps), Lentinus bertieri (Lb) and Xylaria sp. (Xa) were isolated from Eucalyptus sp. field and the fungus Lentinula edodes (Led) was obtained from a commercial strain. All fungi were studied according to their capacity to degrade eucalyptus urograndis wood. In order to evaluate mass losses of seven years old eucalyptus urograndis' wood test blocks from heartwood were prepared added to glass flasks with red clay soil. The humidity of the soil was adjusted with 50 and 100% of its water retention capacity. Mass loss evaluations occurred at 30 until 120 days after eucalyptus wood degradation. Chemical analysis and soil pH were measured only in the last evaluation. Mycelial growth assays with potato-dextrose-agar, malt-agar and sawdust-dextrose-agar at three temperatures was carried out in order to get information about the best conditions of fungi growth. On the 120th day, Ps and Lb showed good capacity of wood degradation by leading to a high mass loss in soil with highest humidity. These fungi were the best consumers of lignin, hemicellulose, cellulose and extractives, caused acidification in the soil. Ps and Lb had faster mycelial growth in sawdust-dextrose-agar, especially in high temperature, comparing to Xa and Led. Xa and Led are not good eucalyptus urograndis heartwood degraders, because they consume preferentially hemicellulose. |
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| Keywords: | White-rot fungi Mycelial growth Wood chemistry Soil pH |
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