Characterization of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated sediments in the Sultanate of Oman and evaluation of bioaugmentation and biostimulation approaches in microcosm experiments |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 36, PC 123 Al Khoud, Oman;2. Central Instrument Laboratory, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box 34, PC 123 Al Khoud, Oman;1. Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC;1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055 Shaanxi, Xi’an, China;2. Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, China;3. Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, China;1. School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China;2. Shaanxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Microbes, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China;3. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bio-resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China;4. School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA;1. Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia;2. Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia;3. School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia;1. University of Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Laboratoire Ampère, UMR CNRS 5005, Environmental Microbial Genomics Group, Avenue Guy de Collonges 36, 69134 Ecully, France;2. University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;3. University of Liège, Faculty of Life Sciences, Walloon Center of Industrial Biology, Chemin de la Vallée 2, 4000 Liège, Belgium;4. Sanifox SPRL, Rue Enhet-Centre 47, 5590 Chevetogne, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | Two oil-polluted sediments (PD and KH) were sampled from a coastal region in Oman for the isolation of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and for testing different bioremediation approaches. Fourty strains were isolated, eighteen were affiliated to Marinobacter whereas the rest belonged to Pseudomonas, Halomonas, Hahella and Alcanivorax. All strains grew well at 2–7% salinity and between 20 and 60 °C. The strains exhibited a better growth on long chain than on short chain alkanes. Biostimulation and bioaugmentation were compared in both sediments and oil biodegradation was followed by measuring CO2 evolution and by gas chromatography (GC). The evolved CO2 reached 0.45 ± 0.02 and 2.23 ± 0.07 mg CO2 g−1 sediment after 88 days in the untreated PD and KH sediments, respectively. While the addition of inorganic nutrients resulted in 1.2–3.7 fold increase in CO2 evolution in both sediments, the addition of the bacterial consortium was only effective in the PD sediment. The maximum CO2 evolution was measured when both nutrients and bacteria were added and this corresponded to a total oil mineralization of 2.6 ± 0.12 and 1.49 ± 0.04% of the initial oil after 88 days in the PD and KH sediments, respectively. GC analysis confirmed the CO2 data and showed that most of the degraded compounds belonged to alkanes. We conclude that the Omani polluted sediments contain halotolerant and thermotolerant bacteria and biostimulation is more efficient than bioaugmentation for their cleanup. |
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| Keywords: | Bioremediation Bioaugmentation 16S rRNA Nutrients Alkanes Bacterial consortia |
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