Gymnoascus arxii's potential in deteriorating woollen textiles dyed with natural and synthetic dyes |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Physiology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Pod?u?na 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;2. Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;1. Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, PR China;2. Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK;1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;2. College of Territorial Resources and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China;1. Service de neurologie, centre hospitalier de Pau, 4, boulevard Hauterive, 64046 Pau, France;2. Unité de mycologie moléculaire, centre national de référence mycoses invasives et antifongiques, Institut Pasteur, 25–28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France;3. CNRS URA3012, Institut Pasteur, 25–28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France;4. Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, centre d’infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris cedex 15, France;1. Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, España;2. Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, España;3. Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, España |
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| Abstract: | So far, very little is known about microbiological deterioration of dyed woollen textiles. In this paper, the influence of the Gymnoascus arxii fungus on woollen textiles dyed with natural and synthetic dyes was studied. What is more, it was analysed whether the enrichment of the culture medium with additional nutrients has any impact on the deterioration of dyed woollen fabrics caused by a strongly keratinolytic strain. The study was carried out by means of a pure culture method over three different time periods, i.e. 1, 2 and 4 weeks. Within a week, the pure Gymnoascus arxii strain led to a severe deterioration in the mechanical strength of the examined woollen textiles, with the raw fabric being the most severely damaged. After the two-week incubation period, only the fabrics coloured in yellow, i.e. the fabric dyed with natural dye weld, and the synthetic yellow textile as well as the textile dyed with natural dye indigo survived, exclusively on the enriched medium. Solely the weld dyed textile withstood the four-week culture on the nutrient-enriched medium. The conducted studies demonstrated a strong influence of Gymnoascus arxii on dyed fabrics leading to their irreversible destruction. It has been also shown that the presence of nutrients in the substrate that are readily available to microorganism may hinder the development of the Gymnoascus arxii strain and thus, prevent textile deterioration. |
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| Keywords: | Natural dyes Synthetic dyes Woollen textile Biodeterioration Works of art |
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