Families of Proteins Forming Transmembrane Channels |
| |
Authors: | MH Saier Jr |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA, US |
| |
Abstract: | Channel-forming proteins/peptides fall into over 100 currently recognized families, most of which are restricted to prokaryotes
or eukaryotes, but a few of which are ubiquitous. These proteins fall into three major currently recognized classes: (i) α-helix-type
channels present in bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic cytoplasmic and organellar membranes, (ii) β-barrel-type porins present
in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacterial cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts, and (iii) protein/peptide toxins targeted
to the cytoplasmic membranes of cells other than those that synthesize the toxins. High-resolution 3-dimensional structural
data are available for representative proteins/peptides of all three of these channel-forming types. Each type exhibits distinctive
features that distinguish them from the other channel protein types and from carriers. Structural, functional, and evolutionary
aspects of transmembrane channel-formers are discussed.
Received: 10 September 1999/Revised: 11 February 2000 |
| |
Keywords: | : Membranes — Transport — Channels — Porins — Toxins — Holins — Bacteriocins |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|