软计算在生态模型中的应用

由于生态系统的高度复杂性和非线性以及空间数据采集技术的快速发展，近年来越来越多的软计算方法开始应用到生态模拟中来。软计算是个非常广泛的领域，在模式上主要包括元胞自动机、基于个体和盒式模式等；在方法上代表性的有人工神经网络、模糊数学、遗传算法、混沌理论等。重点介绍元胞自动机和规律方法在生态模型中的应用，具体实例包括种群动态模拟、水华预警和生境栖息地模拟。

Applications of soft computation to ecological models

owing to the high complexity and the non-linearity of ecosystems and the rapid development of technology in spatial data survey, soft computation is more and more widely used in ecological models. Soft computation is a broad field which includes cellular automata (CA), individual based models and box-based model with respects to paradigms, and artificial neural networks (ANN), fuzzy logic (FL), genetic algorithm (GA), chaos theory and rules-based method with respects to techniques. This paper concentrates on the uses of CA paradigm and rule-based technique in ecological models. Application cases include population dynamics modeling, algal blooms forecasting and habitat simulation.