长爪沙鼠寄生蚤指数和气象因子关系的研究

根据内蒙古自治区土默特平原1983～1985年长爪沙鼠 Meriones unguiculatus巢蚤、体蚤、洞干蚤指数和6项气象资料进行分析，得到如下结果。① 共获蚤11种, 其中秃病蚤蒙冀亚种Nosopsyllus laeviceps kuzenkovi(67.50%)是优势种, 二齿新蚤Neopsylla bidentatiformis(22.65%)为次优势种。② 3种蚤指数的均值差异显著(P<0.0001)。③ 体蚤与洞干蚤指数相关显著(P<0.05), 模型为(洞干蚤指数)=0.0049+0.0248(体蚤指数), 巢蚤与体蚤、巢蚤与洞干蚤指数的相关不显著(P>0.25)。④ 沙鼠密度与3种蚤指数的相关均不显著(P>0.10)。⑤ 在巢蚤中,月温度是影响巢秃病蚤唯一的气象因子(P<0.05)。⑥ 分别求出鼠体的秃病蚤和同形客蚤指名亚种Xenopsylla conformis conformis与气象因子的最优回归子集(P<0.003、P<0.05), 洞干的秃病蚤和二齿新蚤与气象因子的最优回归子集(P<0.0007、P<0.01), 月蒸发量是影响秃病蚤的最重要因子。⑦ 春季与冬季、夏季与冬季巢蚤指数差异显著(P<0.05); 春季与冬季、夏季与冬季体蚤指数差异显著(P<0.05); 春季与冬季、夏季与秋季、夏季与冬季洞干蚤指数差异显著(P<0.05)。

STUDIES ON RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PARASITIC FLEA INDEX OF MERIONES UNGUICULATUS AND METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS

According to the burrow flea index, body flea,burrow track flea of the Meriones unguiculatus and the six meteorological factors in Tumete plain, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region during 1983～1985, it was found that ① there were eleven flea species, with Nosopsyllus laeviceps kuzenkovi (67.50%) as the dominant species, Neopsylla bidentatiformis (22.65%) came second ; ② the differences of the mean values among the three kinds flea index were significant (P<0.0001) ; ③ the correlation between the body flea and burrow track was significant (P<0.05), i.e,(burrow track flea index)=0.0049+0.0282(body flea index),the correlations between the burrow flea and the body flea and between the burrow flea and the burrow track flea were not significant (P>0.25) respectively;④ the correlation between the density of M. unguiculatus and the three kinds flea index was not significant (P>0.10);⑤ the monthly mean temperature was the only meteorological factor affecting the N.l kuzenkovi of the burrow flea(P<0.05);⑥the optimum regression subsets of multiple linear regression among the body flea (N. l. kuzenkovi and Xenopsylla conformis conformis) and the meteorological factors (P<0.003 and P<0.05),and among the burrow track flea (N. l. kuzenkovi and N. bidentatiformis) and the meteorological factors (P<0.0007 and P<0.01) were conducted, and the monthly evaporation was a main factor affecting the N. l. kuzenkovi of the body flea and the burrow track flea; ⑦ the differences in burrow flea indexes between spring and winter and between summer and winter were significant ( P<0.05), the differences in body flea indexes between spring and winter and between summer and winter were significant (P<0.05), the differences in burrow track flea indexes between spring and winter, between summer and autumn and between summer and winter were significant (P<0.05).