突变在基因组进化中的意义

在漫长的进化历史中，各物种间和物种内基因组的差异是如何形成、积累乃至保留下来的，不仅是进化生物学中需要解决的核心问题，也是整个生命科学面临的基本问题之一。对该问题的探求必然要通过对突变的深入了解，因为突变不仅是基因组进化的重要驱动力，还是基因 组进化研究的基础。文章围绕突变的性质及其在基因组进化中的深远意义，系统介绍了国际上相关研究的发展历程，所获得的成果和最新动向。

The Significance of Mutations in Genomic Evolution

One of the fundamental questions in biological sciences and key problem to be solved in evolutionary biology is that how intra-and interspecific genomic diversity formed, accumulated and preserved in the long history of evolution. It is well known that mutation is the major driving force that has shaped genomes. Moreover mutation research forms the basis for the study of genome evolution. So a full understanding of mutation is necessary to unravel the mechanisms of genome evolution. In the review, we summarize the progress of mutation research and latest development in this field with an emphasis on the property of mutation and its profound significance toward genomic evolution.