聚果榕小蜂繁殖性雌蜂的时空分布格局

运用扩散系数、聚集指数、平均拥挤度、聚块性指数、Green指数和负二项参数等指标比较分析了聚果榕小蜂Ceratosolenfusciceps繁殖性雌蜂的时空分布格局 ,用t-检验拟合了扩散系数测定时分布格局偏离泊松分布的显著性。结果显示 ,聚果榕小蜂繁殖性雌蜂在不同季节阶段的空间分布格局皆为聚集分布 ,不同季节时期之间有较大差异 ,反映了该种繁殖性雌蜂的活动存在比较明显的季节波动。格局强度指标的测度表明 ,聚集分布格局在雨季和雾凉季表现更强且尤以雨季为甚。繁殖性雌蜂的聚集分布格局决定了整个榕小蜂种群分布格局的聚集性 ,还影响着榕树的雌雄性别功能分配格局 ,从而在更深层次上作用于榕小蜂和榕树的互惠共生

Temporal and spatial distribution patterns of the foundress of Ceratosolen fusciceps

The temporal and spatial distribution patterns of the foundress of Ceratosolen fusciceps in Xishuangbanna were studied by comparison of Variance Mean Ratio with indices of aggregative intensity (dispersal index, clumping index, mean crowding, patch index, Green's index and intensity index). The t test was used to determine the statistical significance of observed differences (i.e. Variance Mean Ratio Method). The results indicate that the spatial patterns of foundress of C. fusciceps were clumped in every seasons, a distribution that may reflect the spatial pattern of C.fusciceps , the intra tree synchronization and inter tree asynchronization of host trees, the wasps' dependence upon wind for migration and the non random nature of air currents, and intra tree resource heterogeneity. Intensity index measurement indicates that the foundress of C. fusciceps exhibited increased aggregation in the rainy and foggy cool season, probably due to the interruption of chemical information transmission channels and wasp migration by prolonged periods of heavy rainfall in the rainy season and the prolonged developmental periods of syconia in the foggy cool season. The temporal and spatial distribution patterns of foundress wasps can not only result in a clumped distribution of the wasp population, but also effect the host fig species. The distribution patterns foundress wasps may be part of the long and complex evolutionary process of fig wasp mutualism.