Ketone body utilization and its metabolic effect in resting muscles of normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats.

By using an in situ rat hindquarter perfusion, we evaluated ketone body utilization and its metabolic effects in the resting muscle of 24 h fasted normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Under the perfusion with ketone body-supplementation (1 mM each of acetoacetic acid (AcAc) and 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-OHB], the AcAc and 3-OHB uptake of STZ-diabetic rats was significantly (P less than 0.05) smaller than that of normal rats. This might be explained by the low enzyme activity of 3-oxoacid CoA transferase demonstrated in the hindlimb muscles of STZ-diabetic rats and this reduced ketone body uptake would be one of the causes of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis. The glucose uptake and the phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity of normal rats were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than those of STZ-diabetic rats. In both normal and STZ-diabetic rats, the glucose utilization and PFK activity of the muscles in the ketone body-supplemented condition were significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than those in the non-supplemented condition. This inhibition of glucose utilization by ketone bodies should be due to the mechanism by which the oxidation of ketone bodies inhibits PFK in the muscle.