Centromeres: unique chromatin structures that drive chromosome segregation |
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Authors: | Verdaasdonk Jolien S Bloom Kerry |
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Institution: | Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. |
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Abstract: | Fidelity during chromosome segregation is essential to prevent aneuploidy. The proteins and chromatin at the centromere form a unique site for kinetochore attachment and allow the cell to sense and correct errors during chromosome segregation. Centromeric chromatin is characterized by distinct chromatin organization, epigenetics, centromere-associated proteins and histone variants. These include the histone H3 variant centromeric protein A (CENPA), the composition and deposition of which have been widely investigated. Studies have examined the structural and biophysical properties of the centromere and have suggested that the centromere is not simply a 'landing pad' for kinetochore formation, but has an essential role in mitosis by assembling and directing the organization of the kinetochore. |
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