The blood supply to the abdominal and pelvic regions in talpids: character analysis and implications for specific relationships among Insectivora

The morphology of the abdominal and pelvic arterial system was analysed in two talpid species, the common mole (Talpa europaea) and the Pyrenean desman (Galemys pyrenaicus). Animals were studied by injection of coloured latex solution into the aorta by cannulation through the left ventricle of the heart, and subsequent dissection under a surgical microscope. In spite of the intra- and interspecific variation observed in the main abdominal and pelvic vessels examined, the general arrangements observed in talpids are consistent with the patterns described in other Insectivora, such as Soricinae and Crocidurinae. Interspecific morphological comparisons within the Insectivora and with representatives of other mammal orders revealed that the origin and arrangement of certain arteries, such as the renal, gonadal, caudal mesenteric, and median sacral arteries are clearly uncorrelated with function and phylogeny. Similar conclusions can be extended to the common or separate origin of the cœliac and the cranial mesenteric arteries. In contrast, other specific arterial traits can be interpreted from a functional and/or evolutionary standpoint. We discuss these implications for the following characteristics: the absence of gastroepiploic arteries; the presence of double lienal arteries and right gastric artery; the course of the cranial mesenteric artery; the presence of the ductus deferentis artery; and the origin of the cranial gluteal, deep iliac circumflex, and medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries. Phenetic relationships among Soricomorpha were evaluated by cluster analysis. Congruence between the phenogram obtained and an accepted evolutionary hypothesis corroborates the phylogenetic significance of some arterial arrangements.