Biosynthesis and functions of eicosanoids generated by the coelomocytes of the starfish, Asterias rubens |
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Authors: | Pope Edward C Taylor Graham W Rowley Andrew F |
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Affiliation: | aCentre for Sustainable Aquaculture Research, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK;bCentre for Amyloidosis & Acute Phase Proteins, Department of Medicine, Hampstead Campus, Royal Free & University College Medical School, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK |
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Abstract: | Eicosanoids are a group of oxygenated fatty acid derivatives formed from C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids. The potential of the coelomocytes of the starfish, Asterias rubens, to generate eicosanoids through the cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways was investigated using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, enzyme immunoassay and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The principal LOX product was identified as 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (8-HETE) with 8-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (8-HEPE) synthesised at significantly lower levels. No classical prostaglandins (PG), such as PGE2 or PGD2, were found to be generated by ionophore-challenged coelomocytes. Incubation of coelomocytes with lipopolysaccharides from either Escherichia coli or Salmonella abortus failed to induce an increase in generation of LOX products and the presence of 8-HETE (0–25 μM) had no significant effect on the in vitro phagocytic activity of Asterias coelomocytes. Neither indomethacin (a COX inhibitor) or esculetin (a LOX inhibitor) had any effect on the clearance of the bacterium, Vibrio splendidus, from the coelomic cavity of starfish suggesting that products of these enzymes are not involved in such coelomocyte responses to foreign particles. |
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Keywords: | Starfish Eicosanoids Prostaglandins Phagocytosis Mass spectrometry Cellular defence reactions |
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