Effect of water stress on growth, osmotic adjustment, cell wall elasticity and water-use efficiency in Spartina alterniflora |
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| Authors: | Kamel Hessini Juan Pablo Martínez Mhemmed Gandour Ali Albouchi Abdelaziz Soltani Chedly Abdelly |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Stress Abiotiques, Centre de Biotechnologie à la Technopole de Borj Cédria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia;2. Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts, BP 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisia;3. Institute of Agriculture Research (INIA-La Cruz), Chorrillos 86, La Cruz, Casilla 3, Region of Valparaiso, Chile;4. Regional Centre for Studies of Food for Health (CREAS), Blanco 1623, Of. 1402. Edificio Torres Mar del Sur II. Valparaíso, Chile;1. Key Laboratory of Environment and Ecology in Western China of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;1. Crop Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Allé 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark;2. Section for Organismal Biology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark;1. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;2. Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China;3. Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Interdepartmental Graduate Major in Genetics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;2. Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;3. Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA |
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| Abstract: | In the northern spring–summer season of 2004–2005, vegetative propagated plants of Spartina alterniflora were grown under control and water stress conditions on the Mediterranean sea shore of the south-east of Tunis. Control plants were irrigated every week and water stress plants were irrigated until the soil achieved 50% (mild stress) and 25% (severe stress) field capacity (FC). Dry and fresh weight at the whole plant level (g plant−1), shoot to root ratio on dry and fresh weight, photosynthesis (A), transpiration rate (E), instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUEi), leaf water potential (Ψw), leaf water content (WC), osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψs100), osmotic potential at turgor loss point (Ψs0), osmotic adjustment (OA), proline, sugars, inorganic compounds and cell wall elasticity (CWE) were evaluated during a period of 6 days period between 82 and 90 days after the beginning of treatment (DAT). Plants grown under severe and mild-water stress showed lower Ψw than in control plants with values that averaged −3.1, −1.6 and −0.9 MPa, respectively. S. alterniflora plants submitted to mild-water stress exhibited OA and a decrease in CWE. However, under severe water stress the OA was not observed and CWE also decreased, but it was higher than in the mild-water stress. OA was mainly explained by the accumulation of nitrates, sugars and at a lesser degree, proline. S. alterniflora had a strong decline of the dry and fresh weight of the whole plant associated to a marked decrease of photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E) in response to water stress, although WUEi was increased. These results suggest that OA and WUEi can be important components of the water stress adaptation mechanism in this species, but they are not sufficient enough to contribute to resistance to water stress. |
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| Keywords: | Cell wall elasticity Gas exchange Osmotic adjustment Spartina alterniflora Water stress |
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