黏着斑激酶与肿瘤微环境

黏着斑激酶（focal adhesion kinase, FAK）是一种胞质非受体酪氨酸激酶。FAK和肿瘤密切相关，在多种癌细胞中高表达，促进癌细胞的发生、生长、存活、增殖、粘附、转移和侵袭以及血管生成等过程。肿瘤微环境包括肿瘤细胞、周围血管、免疫细胞、纤维母细胞、内皮细胞、信号分子和细胞外基质，它对癌症的发展和恶化具有重要作用。肿瘤细胞可以通过分泌细胞外信号影响微环境，使其有利于肿瘤生存和发展|肿瘤微环境中的基质细胞能通过产生趋化因子、基质降解酶和生长因子促进肿瘤侵袭和转移。本文综述肿瘤微环境在癌症发生发展过程中的作用及FAK在肿瘤微环境中的调控作用，为肿瘤疾病的治疗提供新思路。

Focal Adhesion Kinase and Tumor Microenvironment

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic non receptor protein tyrosine kinase, which has been proved to be closely related to the tumor development and progress. FAK is overexpressed in almost all kinds of cancer and mediates cancer cell generation, growth, survival, proliferation, adhesion, metastasis, invasion and angiogenesis. Tumor microenvironment, which plays a key role in cancer initiation and progression, includes tumor cells, peripheral vessels, immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, signal molecules and extracellular matrix. Tumor cells influence the microenvironment via releasing extracellular signals to promote tumor cell survival, invasion and migration. The cells within tumor microenvironment promote the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells by producing chemokines, matrix degrading enzymes and growth factors. This paper reviews the regulatory roles of FAK and the important functions of tumor microenvironment in the development and progress of cancer, which will provide a novel perspective for the treatment of tumor diseases.