辽宁省城市热岛强度特征及等级划分

根据气象站资料累积时间、资料连续性、站点位置、城郊站间距离、站点数量、迁站情况,对辽宁省61个气象站进行筛选,并利用选出的城郊代表站的月和年气温数据,分析了辽宁省热岛强度的变化范围及幅度,确定了热岛强度等级.结果表明:辽宁省铁岭站、大连站、鞍山站、朝阳站、丹东站、锦州站6个气象站可作为城市气温的代表站,台安站等18个气象站可作为郊区气温的代表站;1980-2009年,辽宁省6个代表城市的热岛强度年变化不同,除铁岭为微弱下降外,其他5市均表现为上升趋势,铁岭年热岛强度较强,大连年热岛强度较弱;6个代表城市的月热岛强度变化也不同,丹东、锦州、铁岭的月热岛强度呈明显的“U”型分布,6市最大热岛强度均出现在1月,最小热岛强度均出现在5-8月,具有冬季强、夏季弱的特点.6市热岛强度的年、月变化范围分别为0.57～2.15℃和-0.70～4.60℃,年和月热岛强度分别有97.8％和72.3％集中在0.5～2.0℃.辽宁省热岛强度可划分为无、弱、强和极强4个等级.

Urban heat island intensity and its grading in Liaoning Province of Northeast China

According to the recorded air temperature data and their continuity of each weather station, the location of each weather station, the numbers of and the distances among the weather stations, and the records on the weather stations migration, several weather stations in Liaoning Province were selected as the urban and rural representative stations to study the characteristics of urban heat island (UHI) intensity in the province. Based on the annual and monthly air temperature data of the representative stations, the ranges and amplitudes of the UHI intensity were analyzed, and the grades of the UHI intensity were classified. The Tieling station, Dalian station, Anshan station, Chaoyang station, Dandong station, and Jinzhou station and the 18 stations including Tai' an station were selected as the representative urban and rural weather stations, respectively. In 1980-2009, the changes of the annual UHI intensity in the 6 representative cities differed. The annual UHI intensity in Tieling was in a decreasing trend, while that in the other five cities was in an increasing trend. The UHI intensity was strong in Tieling but weak in Dalian. The changes of the monthly UHI intensity in the 6 representative cities also differed. The distribution of the monthly UHI intensity in Dandong, Jinzhou and Tieling took a "U" shape, with the maximum and minimum appeared in January and in May-August, respectively, indicating that the monthly UHI intensity was strong in winter and weak in summer. The ranges of the annual and monthly UHI intensity in the 6 cities were 0.57-2.15 degrees C and -0.70-4.60 degrees C, and the ranges of 0.5-2.0 degrees C accounted for 97.8% and 72.3%, respectively. The UHI intensity in the province could be classified into 4 grades, i. e., weak, strong, stronger and strongest.