The impact of transposable elements on eukaryotic genomes: From genome size increase to genetic adaptation to stressful environments |
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Authors: | Benoît Chénais Aurore Caruso Sophie Hiard Nathalie Casse |
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Affiliation: | Université du Maine, EA2160 Mer Molécules Santé, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Le Mans, France. Electronic address: bchenais@univ-lemans.fr. |
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Abstract: | Transposable elements (TEs) are present in roughly all genomes. These mobile DNA sequences are able to invade genomes and their impact on genome evolution is substantial. The mobility of TEs can induce the appearance of deleterious mutations, gene disruption and chromosome rearrangements, but transposition activity also has positive aspects and the mutational activities of TEs contribute to the genetic diversity of organisms. This short review aims to give a brief overview of the impact TEs may have on animal and plant genome structure and expression, and the relationship between TEs and the stress response of organisms, including insecticide resistance. |
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Keywords: | bp, base pair HERV, human endogenous retrovirus LINE, long interspersed nuclear element L1, LINE-1 LTR, long terminal repeat MITE, miniature inverted-repeat transposable element SINE, short interspersed nuclear element SVA, SINE-variable number of tandem repeats-Alu TE, transposable element |
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