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Regional differences in awareness and attitudes regarding genetic testing for disease risk and ancestry
Authors:Charles R Jonassaint  Eunice R Santos  Crystal M Glover  Perry W Payne  Grace-Ann Fasaye  Nefertiti Oji-Njideka  Stanley Hooker  Wenndy Hernandez  Morris W Foster  Rick A Kittles  Charmaine D Royal
Institution:1. Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, LSRC B-Wing, Room 320B, 450 Research Drive, Box 91009, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
2. Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
3. Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth College, Concord, NH, 03301, USA
4. Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, 20037, USA
5. Department of Health Policy, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, 20037, USA
6. Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, 22042, USA
7. Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
8. Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
9. Department of African and African American Studies, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
Abstract:Little is known about the lay public’s awareness and attitudes concerning genetic testing and what factors influence their perspectives. The existing literature focuses mainly on ethnic and socioeconomic differences; however, here we focus on how awareness and attitudes regarding genetic testing differ by geographical regions in the US. We compared awareness and attitudes concerning genetic testing for disease risk and ancestry among 452 adults (41% Black and 67% female) in four major US cities, Norman, OK; Cincinnati, OH; Harlem, NY; and Washington, DC; prior to their participation in genetic ancestry testing. The OK participants reported more detail about their personal ancestries (p = 0.02) and valued ancestry testing over disease testing more than all other sites (p < 0.01). The NY participants were more likely than other sites to seek genetic testing for disease (p = 0.01) and to see benefit in finding out more about one’s ancestry (p = 0.02), while the DC participants reported reading and hearing more about genetic testing for African ancestry than all other sites (p < 0.01). These site differences were not better accounted for by sex, age, education, self-reported ethnicity, religion, or previous experience with genetic testing/counseling. Regional differences in awareness and attitudes transcend traditional demographic predictors, such as ethnicity, age and education. Local sociocultural factors, more than ethnicity and socioeconomic status, may influence the public’s awareness and belief systems, particularly with respect to genetics.
Keywords:
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