Factors affecting the establishment of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Schoenoplectus</Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">tabernaemontani</Emphasis> (C.C. Gmel.) Palla in urban lakeshore restorations |
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Authors: | D A Vanderbosch S M Galatowitsch |
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Institution: | (1) Water Resources Science Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; |
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Abstract: | Despite their central role in lakeshore restoration, most littoral wetland plantings fail. The reasons for these failures
are poorly understood, in part due to limited information on the effects of planting time, water depth, and propagation on
the survival of emergent macrophyte plantings. We planted pots and prevegetated mats of softstem bulrush (Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani (C.C. Gmel.) Palla) at two different water depths (0–30 and 31–60 cm) in five lakes each month between May and September
2006 to evaluate the effects of planting month, water depth, and transplant type on the survival of planted S. tabernaemontani. Overall survival decreased from 73% at 30 days after planting to 40% pre-winter to 15% post-winter. The timing of planting
was the most important factor influencing bulrush survival. Survival of bulrush planted later in the growing season is poor,
regardless of the transplant type used, and should be avoided. During the optimal planting season of early-to-mid summer,
transplants from pots are more likely to outperform mats, despite lower pre-planting biomass. Water depth is only important
immediately after planting, after which time, its influence on successful establishment diminishes. Overall, our research
indicated that key choices made by the practitioner can improve the likelihood that transplants establish in littoral wetland
restorations. |
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