完达山东部地区东北虎主要猎物种群的时空动态模拟

基于能体现直接与间接人为干扰的不同意外死亡率和环境容纳量情景，使用景观尺度的动物种群模型（LAPS）模拟了1990—2009年完达山东部地区东北虎主要猎物种群的时空动态，研究了意外死亡率和环境容纳量对种群动态的影响，并直观展现了研究区内动物集群的时空分布状况，比较了不同生境斑块类型中个体密度的差异.结果表明：意外死亡率对研究区动物种群动态的影响较环境容纳量大；灌丛中动物种群的密度高于阔叶林中的密度.研究结果为有效进行东北虎主要猎物的保护与管理提供了科学依据，但相关的定量验证还需深入研究.

Simulation on spatiotemporal dynamics of main prey populations of Panthera tigris in East Wanda Mountains

By using landscape-level animal population simulator (LAPS), the spatiotemporal dynamics of the main prey populations of Panthera tigris from 1990 to 2009 in East Wanda Mountains were simulated, based on the different scenarios of accidental mortality and carrying capacity that could represent the influence of direct and indirect human disturbance. The effects of the accidental mortality and carrying capacity on the population dynamics were studied, and the spatiotemporal distribution of animal blocks was exhibited explicitly in the study area, with the individual density in different patches compared. The results showed that compared with carrying capacity, accidental mortality had more effects on prey populations, and the population density was significantly higher in shrubs than in broad-leaved forests. The conclusions made in this study could provide scientific basis for the conservation and management of P. tigris' s preys in East Wanda Mountains, while the quantitative validation of the conclusions still needs further investigation.